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Document Type |
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Thesis |
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Document Title |
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Photo-Catalysts for the Removal of Organic Pollutants from Industrial Wastewaters حافزات كيميائية ضوئية لإزالة الملوثات العضوية من مياه الصرف الصناعي |
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Subject |
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Faculty of Engineering - Department of Chemical |
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Document Language |
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Arabic |
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Abstract |
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Recently, much attention has been given to the though treatment of toxic and hazardous organic pollutants tested by Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), most of which cannot be fully degraded by simple biological treatments. In order to meet more increasingly stringent environmental regulations and laws more efficient process for the removal of organics is needed. In this context TiO2 photocatalyst has shown very promising results. However, titanium dioxide is easily degradable when subjected to relatively harsh conditions using UV irradiation.
In this work TiO2 nanoparticles were anchored to 3-D mesoporous material (TUD-1) in the powder from and on an inert support of alumina via sol-gel preparation strategies. Different loading of titania were prepared (0, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100%). These samples were characterized by X-ray differaction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV), and nitrogen adsorption at 77K. Only high loading of titania were found to have anatase (TiO2) in very small amounts while low loadings of titania didn't show any separate phases of TiO2.
These materials were used as photocatalysts under visible light conditions ( λ = 447 nm) for treatment of wastewater containing different organic contaminants such as phenol, azodyes, and certain pharmaceutical compounds. The prepared Ti-TUD-1 photocatalysts showed excellent activity towered the degradation of all of these compounds. Up to 97% of the phenol compounds and 94% of azodyes were removed from wastewater. Moreover, this catalyst shows a remarkable stability under the working conditions. This regeneration of the catalyst showed no decrease in its activity after 5 cycles of catalyst reactivation. Effects of the concentration of organic substance and pH were also tested. Moreover, the catalysts were found to be also active upon white light irradiation.
The excellent photoreactivity of these materials and the use of unconditional visible light energy suggest a cost-effective process for the removal of organic contaminants from wastewaters.
TiO2 is known to be photocatalytically active only in the UV region of spectrum. However, the reactivity of Ti-TUD-1 in the visible light region can be explained based on a band gap reduction of TiO2 upon tetrahedral attachment to TUD-1 framework and the formation of tiny small nanoparticles of titania in the pores of TUD-1. |
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Supervisor |
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Dr. Muhammad Abdul Rahman Daous |
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Thesis Type |
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Master Thesis |
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Publishing Year |
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1432 AH
2011 AD |
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Co-Supervisor |
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Prof.Dr. Ahmed Arafat Khamis |
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Added Date |
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Tuesday, September 27, 2011 |
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Researchers
| عصام يحي الشريف | Al-Sharif, Aesam yahya | Researcher | Master | |
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