Document Details

Document Type : Thesis 
Document Title :
The Effect of Long-Term Use of Pediatric Liquid Medications on Primary Teeth Enamel: An In-vitro Study
تأثير استخدام أدوية الأطفال طويلة المدى على الاسنان اللبنية: دراسة مختبرية
 
Subject : Faculty of Dentistry 
Document Language : Arabic 
Abstract : Aim of the study: This study aimed to investigate the cariogenic and erosive potential of long-term use of pediatric liquid medications on extracted primary teeth. Materials and Methods: This was an experimental in-vitro study that included eight commonly pediatric liquid medications prescribed for a long-term. The erosive and cariogenic potential of each medication were assessed by measuring their pH, viscosity, sugar content and their effect on enamel microhardness. The pH was measured using pH meter, while the viscosity was determined using Brookfield viscometer, and the sugar content (sucrose, glucose, fructose and sorbitol) was measured using High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Refractive Index. The effect of these medications on enamel microhardness was assessed using Vickers hardness testing machine. A baseline surface microhardness reading of enamel surface of ten primary teeth per group (8 test groups and 1 control group) was recorded. Each group of teeth were separately immersed in plastic bottles; (test groups were immersed 20 ml of the undiluted pediatric liquid medication, while the control group was immersed in artificial saliva) for 24 hours which is equivalent in time to 1 year of twice daily use to simulate the usual manner of medicines intake and stored in incubator at 37 °C. Teeth were washed using distilled water and post-immersion surface microhardness reading was recorded. Results: Most of the tested medications had an acidic pH with an average of mean±SD (5.4±1.6). Four out of the eight tested medications exhibited a pH value at or below the critical pH (pH≤5.5). Furthermore, the range of tested medications’ viscosity was from 15 to 925 cP. Moreover, sugar analysis of tested medications showed that each of tested medication contain one or more type of sugars (sucrose, glucose and sorbitol) except Keppra medication. Sucrose and sorbitol were detected in 5 out of 8 tested medications with a range of (0.008%-27.484%) for sucrose and (0.004%-37.322%) for sorbitol. Glucose was detected in minute amounts of less than 1% in only 4 out of 8 tested medications. Enamel microhardness of all the teeth decreased after immersion in medications indicating an enamel surface loss. The highest reduction in mean microhardness was seen in Risperdal medication group. In comparison to control group, teeth immersed in Ospen (p=0.004) and Risperdal (p=0.003) medications showed a statistically significant difference of mean percentage change in values of Vickers Hardness Number (VHN). Conclusion: The included pediatric medications caused an enamel surface loss with different degrees and most of them presented an acidic pH and a high concentration of sugars to varying degrees, which can be considered risk factors for dental caries and erosion especially in children with chronic medical conditions who are consuming medications frequently over long periods of time. Therefore, the parent as well as their children should be instructed in proper oral hygiene to limit the negative effect of prolonged exposure to these medications. 
Supervisor : Dr. Heba Mohamed Elkhodary 
Thesis Type : Master Thesis 
Publishing Year : 1443 AH
2022 AD 
Co-Supervisor : Dr. Osama Mahmood Felemban 
Added Date : Saturday, January 28, 2023 

Researchers

Researcher Name (Arabic)Researcher Name (English)Researcher TypeDr GradeEmail
عهود سليمان الزغيبيAlzughaibi, Ohud SulaimanResearcherMaster 

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